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Vermi compost unit
Vermicomposting is a simple biotechnological process of composting, in which certain species of earthworms are used to enhance the process of waste conversion and produce a better end product i.e. vermi cast. Vermicomposting or vermi cast is an organic manure prepared from the bio-agro, city, kitchen wastes and cow dung by the earthworms and a rich source of plant nutrients. The vermiculture technology has potential of nutrient supply in an environment friendly farming system.
Earthworm species : Eisenia fetida.
Method : In a simple vermicomposting method the crop waste material is mixed with fresh cow dung in the preparation of 4 : 1 and water is sprinkled to keep 30% moisture of the mixture. The mixture is left for 10-15 days. The partial decomposition starts in waste mixed material. Thereafter, the bed with 3m x 1m x 0.3m size is prepared in a shed. Partial decomposed waste material is put in the bed and left earthworms in it. Then it is covered with gunny bags or mulch material. Water is sprinkled timely to maintained the temperature of the bed about 35oC throughout the process. Earthworms start feeding the material and within 45-60 days the material is turned into dark brown vermi cast. The vermi cast is ready to be applied in the field.
Orchards
The nutritive horticulture crops particularly known as perennial fruit plants which are grown in arid and semi-arid region successfully such fruit plants as ber, pomegranate, aonla and drum stick. Such fruit plants as ber, pomegranate, date palm, aonla, lime and vegetable crops as okra, mateera, water melon, musk melon, kachari and snap melon and seedling in nursery are available. The area of fruit is covered 3 ha land at present time.
Ber (Zizyphus mauritana Lamk)
There are 205 plants of different varieties of ber in the ber orchard. The ber is grown at drought conditions successfully.
Gola : It is early variety. The plants are in spreading, leaves are green and length 1.2 cm, shoot are round and dark purple at the base, flowers started last week of August, peak period 2nd week of September and end last week of September. Fruits set started 1st week of September, peak period 3rd week of September and end 1st week of October. Fruits are round style, skin bright yellow, smooth and glossy, fruit size 3.5 to 3.8 cm, pulp/stone ratio 14.3 and weight 21.4 gm and maturity is 1st week of January to last week of January.
Seb : It is early variety. Growing habit erect, leaves are oval broad, young leaves are light green and length 1.8 cm, shoot are round to angular, now shoots are dark purple. Flowers are start 3rd week of August, peak period 3rd week of September and end the 1st week of October, fruits start 2nd week of September, peak period 4th week of September and end 3rd week of October. Fruits are round, resembling crab apple styler, skin yellowish, grown with brown specks, slightly rough, hard, size 3.6×3.3 cm, pulp/stone ratio 14.4 and weight 24.6 gm. Maturity 2nd week of January to 2nd week of February.
Ilaichy : It is mid season variety. Plants are erect, leaves are cordate broad and length of leaf 1.8 cm, shoots are round to angular, flowering start 4th week of August, peak period 2nd week of September and end 4th week of October. Fruit set start 3rd week of September, peak period 4th week of September and end of 4th week of October. Fruit oblate styler, skin yellowish green smooth, pulp soft, size 2.2×2.2 cm, weight 8.5 gm, pulp/stone ration 18.4. Maturity period is last week of January to second week of February. v
Umran : It is late ripening variety. Growth habit is semi erect, leaves are oval, broad, length 1.5 cm long, shoot round to angular, flowering start 4th week of August. Peak period 3rd week of September and end 3rd week of October. Fruit set 1st week of September, peak period 4th week of September and end 3rd week of October. Fruits are oval styler end round, pulp hand, size 4.7×3.4 cm, weight 33 gm, pulp/stone ration 25.2 and maturity period last week of February to 1st week of March.
Lime (Citrus aurantifolia swingle)
There are 90 plants of lime variety kagzi lime in Horticulture unit. Growth habit is erect and deep rooted plants, fruits are highly acidic with tilrable acidity upto 8%. It is very thin paper like peel almost 2 mm or even less. Its fruits are spherical to ovate in shape, 35-40 mm in diameter. Harvest fruits turn yellow without treatment within few days.
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera )
There are 60 plants in date palm orchard of Khandravi variety. It is the cultivar which is dark in color. It is a soft date of the highest quality. It is early-ripening; does not keep too well. This cultivar is the smallest edible date palm and it is fairly tolerant of rain and humidity.
Papaya (Carica papaya)
There are 70 plants of papaya in papaya orchard of Taiwan variety. Papaya has healthy fiber, carotenes, C & B vitamins and minerals believed to increase cardiovascular health, boosts immune systems and protect against some cancers. Papaya has natural digestive enzymes, papain and chymopapain. Papain supports digestion of protein and works with papaya’s natural fiber to maintain a healthy digestive tract by soothing upset tummies, easing nausea and constipation.
Pomegranate (Punica granatum)
There are 110 plants of pomegranate (variety Sindura) in pomegranate orchard at KVK farm.
Each 100 g of pomegranate contains Energy (83 kcal), Carbohydrates (18.7 g), Sugars (13.67 g), Dietary fiber (4 g), Fat (1.17 g), Protein (1.67 g), Thiamine (vit. B1) (0.067 mg), Riboflavin (vit. B2) (0.053 mg), Niacin (vit. B3) (0.293 mg), Pantothenic acid (B5) (0.377 mg), Vitamin B6 (0.075 mg), Folate (vit. B9) (38 µg), Choline (7.6 mg), Vitamin C (10.2 mg), Vitamin E (0.6 mg), Vitamin K (16.4 µg), Calcium (10 mg), Iron (0.3 mg), Magnesium (12 mg), Manganese (0.119 mg), Phosphorus (36 mg), Potassium (236 mg), Sodium (3 mg), Zinc (0.35 mg). Pomegranates are believed to help in lowering risk of Heart Disease, Cancer, Diarrhea, reduce Cholesterol, control weight and fight cell damage.
Banana (Musa paradisiaca)
There are 25 plants of banana in banana orchard of variety G-9 at KVK farm.
This fruit is very low in Saturated Fat, Cholesterol and Sodium. It is also a good source of Dietary Fiber, Vitamin C, Potassium and Manganese, and a very good source of Vitamin B6. Nutrients in one medium-sized banana or 126 grams wight are Vitamin B6 – .5 mg, Manganese – .3 mg, Vitamin C – 9 mg, Potassium – 450 mg, Dietary Fiber – 3g, Protein – 1 g, Magnesium – 34 mg, Folate – 25.0 mcg, Riboflavin – .1 mg, Niacin – .8 mg, Vitamin A – 81 IU, Iron – .3 mg.
Sejna (Moringa oleifera)
There are 150 plants of sejna in sejna orchard of variety CO-1 at KVK farm.
India is the largest producer of moringa, with an annual production of 1.1 to 1.3 million tonnes of tender fruits from an area of 380 km⊃2;. The leaves are the most nutritious part of the plant, being a significant source of B vitamins, vitamin C, provitamin A as beta-carotene, vitamin K, manganese and protein, among other essential nutrients. The leaves are cooked and used like spinach. In addition to being used fresh as a substitute for spinach, its leaves are commonly dried and crushed into a powder used in soups and sauces. The immature seed pods, called “drumsticks”, are commonly consumed and cooked by boiling. The seed pods are particularly high in vitamin C, good source of dietary fiber, potassium, magnesium and manganese. The seeds, sometimes removed from more mature pods and eaten like peas or roasted like nuts, contain high levels of vitamin C and moderate amounts of B vitamins and dietary minerals. Mature seeds yield 38–40
